Carburetor



Norv. l5, 1.932.

G. BARIQUAND 1,887,795

GARBURETOR Filed Jan. 25, 1930 2 sheets-,sheet 1 FIGA Nov.l 15, y1932.

c; RRRRRRR on 8 I l 'ff @um 24a A" muh m G BARIQUAND 1,887,795 lPatented Nov. 15, 1932 `UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

GEORGES BAR'IQUANDr 0F PARIS, FRANCE Y v CARBURTOR Appncation meaJanuary 23, issasenaino. 422,925, arid' i. rranceretruary 21, 1929.

10 slide member which are preferablystaggered,

being adjusted in such a manner'that each channel comes into operationat the moment when the depression produced by the suction of the motorcauses this slide member memberv which is free, rising up to a pointofequilibrium between its weight and the depression produced above it, therise and fall movements being braked by an entry 0 (orv exit) of airwhich is regulatable and provided at the end of the body of thecarburetor and consists of anv adjustable graduated or calibratedaperture which is called the compensating hole.

This automatic displacement of thev distributing slide member can beeffected by different inherent causes either due to its manner ofguiding or to its pneumatic function and to the forces which interveneto provoke itsdisplacement to suit the different speeds of the motor.

It happens in fact, that, onthe one hand,

the deformation of the' flange of the'body ofthe carburetor (whentightened onto the inletypipe) causes the ovalizing of the bore ofthebody, and it is important, in order to avoid the jamming of the slidemember," to render the lining in which the slide member moves,independent of the body itself so asto free it of all functionothervthan for guiding the said slide member. y

On the other hand, the leakages' which oc'- cur'along the generatricesof the slide member? are detrimental to the constant balance orequilibrium of the slide member to the differentV speeds 1 (equilibriumbetween 'the weight of the slide member andthe depression-which exists),Aand are hence objectionable.'

To cease to be tributary tothe inevitable totake up a 'correspondingposition, the slide wear of the parts and to permit of matching l Y theslide member with a certaintolerance sulicient to avoid jamming', theconstancy of these leakages in time is ensured' by providingperipherally of the Vslide member and towards its lower part, one ormore" grooves into which a longitudinal groove or channel Vfinds itsoutlet, and kept inI consta-nti communication withthe exterior.

This communication is effected by ahole pierced in the body ofthecarburetor, the i ment at the different speeds, becomesv stabi-Klized and the general operation ofthe carburetor is improved.

Nevertheless to prevent condensation lof the petrol at the center of theslideA member, thev internal capacity of the same is partitioned'insuchmanner as to guide'and direct separately the different fluid veins, ksothat the mixture of these fluid veins is effected above the slide only,lin the body itself of the carburetor.

f The accompanying drawings show,by way of example, several forms ofyconstruction of the carburetor with its slidefmember and in particular:

1 is a longitudinal section taken on theline 1-1 of 2;

Fig. 2 a.l horizontal section'taken on the line Q-Qlof Fig. l; Y -V Fig.3 a partial'vertical section taken on the line 3-3 ofv Fig.l 2 showingthe longitudinal channel; v

jFig. 4L a front v-iew of the slide member.'

The upper body l carries the throttle'valve 2, the flange 3 of thecarburetor,the"slow run-,i ning'means 4 andthe heating means 5. VVThispart has a sufliciently rigid shape to complete# ly absorb thedeformations of the yflange 3 at grooves and the longitudinal'v themoment when it is tightened up to the inlet pipe.

The lower part 6 of this body is machined to make a joint with a collar7 carried by the independent central lining 8 and these two faces arebrought firmly one against the other by tightening with pins, screws orby a peripheral sc rew thread.

The lining 8 is engaged freely in the interior of the bore 9 of the body1 and for this reason is completely isolatedfree and without any flange.The deformations of the flange give rise to no risk in being forced"closer and closer, of ovalizing the lining 8 and jam the drawer'l()which moves in its interior. Y Y j y l Another advantage of thisarrangement is to permitan easy dismantling of the central part whenmaking adjustments, without having to completely dismantle thecarburetor secured on the motor, the central lining 8, which is theVregulating means (by reason of the characteristics of its air inletchannels 11a, 11b, 110, 11d) is therefore accessible and interchangeablewithout having to change the carburetor itself.l l

The distributing slide member consists of a sleeve 10 completely closedat its lower part by a plug l2. v

The slide is housed in a freely adjustable mannerin the bore 8 and hasin its outer side a vertical guide'channel 13 which is engaged by ascrew 14 which is threaded in a radial opening in the member 7. Betweenthe built up or inserted end 15 of the lining of the carburetor and thelower plug 12 of the slide member lthere is onlyrleft asmall space 16which communicates with the V- atmosphere through an adjusting aperture17 called the compensating hole, pierced in an exchangeable screw.

By reason of the depression force produced by the suction of the motorabove it, the slide member tends to rise. it rises in fact but in aregular movement by the inlet of air forced by the atmospheric pressurethrough the aperture 17 Y By' suitably proportioning the weight of theslide member 10 and the dimension of the hole in the depression screw17, the result is obtained that this slide member automatically takes upall the positions which are necessary for the perfect running of themotor from its starting-up until, its maximum speed, by un-y maskingsuccessively, by means of the ports 18a, 18h thedifferent suctionchannels 11a, 11b, radiating in appropriate number, the said channelsbeing fed by the jets 19a,19b

Whenthe motor slows down, the depression becomes less without effort,`the slide member 10 redescends `by its own weight which must kbe fairlyheavyv and its fall is braked in the opposite direction by theVelasticity of the aircontained in the small space 15 beneath the slidemember. This latter only reassumes its point of departure when all theair introduced under the pressure of the atmosphere, has been driven outthrough the hole 17 by the pressure due to the'weight of i A peripheralgroove 20 is provided near the lower part of the slide member 10 and thechannel 13 communicates with and has its outlet in this groove. A hole21 pierced in the lining 8 immediately beneath the locking Y screw 14brings the channel constantly in communication with the external air.

The space 16 beneath the slide member 10 may be considered as beingconstantly held at a vpressure in. the neighbourhood of the atmosphericlpressure owing to the air entering the compensator hole 17 which allowsthe quantity of air drawn in at the rise of the sliding member to passwith a certain braking action or effort. Y

On the other hand, the groove or grooves 2O is, or are, always fedlargely through the hole 21 with air at atmospheric pressure.

There is thus no chance of leakages toward Ythe bottom of this groove(or grooves) 20 which isolates in absolute manner, the under part of theslide member, from the bottom ofthe feed apertures 18a, 186 ,provided onthe periphery.

, There is thus no change of leakages. The inside of the slide member 10and the bottom ofl the openings 18a, 1829 is well subj ected to adepression which creates an intake of air from the lower parts 'atatmospheric depression, but this intake is fed solely by the airsituated in 2O instead of being fed by the air V16 drawn through thecompensator hole 17.

The slide member 10 is thus balanced at the different speeds, that is tosay that equilibrium is established for any determined regime, at astable balanced position without objectionable oscillatory movement.

On the other hand it is possible to leave,

when machining, the slide member, a little clearance suliicient forallowing the sliding without jamming and without detriment to thefunctioning of the carburetor.

For thesame reason, the function of the carburetor is no longer affectedby wear thereof andthe slide member rises and falls always in thesameperiod or evolution.

In view ofthe small section of the peripheral groove 2O serving tostopleakage, and of the longitudinal channel 13, the amount of leakageis absolutely negligible in 'relation to the total volume delivered bythe carburetor and inno Lway affects its operation. Moreover, thisquantity of air arising from the leakages only exists at high speeds andslow running is not at all affected, the slide member being at thebottom of its travel.

For the purpose of obviating, as far as possible, condensation of fuelwhich might find its way beneath the slide member, by the play allowedin the matchingbetween the latter and the carburetor, it is necessary toavoid movement eddies due to meeting of the fluid streams leaving theradiating channels 11a, 11b, serving for the suction.

For that purpose, there is added to the interior and bottom of the slidemember a part 22 forming a screen of a shape which has Vbeen speciallydesigned to modify the direction of the gaseous streams delivered by theradiating channels 11a, 1170, so as to direct them in the axisy itselfof the body of the carburetor and avoid the formation of eddies whichwould inevitably be produced at the point where the streams of' fluidmeet.

Another advantage is that the arrangement of the jets for normal runningis greatly facilitated. According to the order of delivery of the jets19a, 19?), the jet 19?) opposite the jet 19a only commences to deliverwhen conduit 11a, is uncovered, the same taking place in respect of thejet 19d which y is opposite the jet 190. l

There is produced at the moment where the conduits 11b and 11d areuncovered, a counter pressure on the corresponding jets 195, 19d whichretards the correcting action of their entry into play.

By reason of the member 22 forming screen between the fluid streams 11band 11a on the one hand and 11d and 11e on the other hand, this counterpressure has no further effect and the operation takes place normally.

Further, at the full speed of the motor, when the distributor 10 is atits top position, the four orifices 18a, 18?; deliver in a convergingmanner all around the member 22 which forms the screen and, as alleddies are avoided, the outflow of the gases is facilitated. At the sametime, the better supply to the engine cylinders which results, providesa notable gain of full power.

The member 22 may be integral with the bottom of the slide member orsecured thereto by screw 23 or equivalent means; it has, preferably, inplan view the section of the St. Andrew cross (Fig. 2) so as tocompletely partition the internal space of the slide member and bringthe different gaseous streams separately through arcuate conduits 24a,245 to above the slide member l0, the mixture of the streams of thefluid only taking place in the body lof the carburetor.V

The arcuate channels 24a, 24?), provided in the member 22, direct thefluid and streams ,without sudden bends or sudden variations in section.

The advantage of this construction is to maintain the gaseous currentalways at sufficient speed of travel throughout the carburetor: no.vmatterY whatmay i bev the' speed of' the motor-,1 wfhicli:y ensures thehomogenity of lthe mixtureV byy through: loss of speedE orloss ofcharge. VIhe bearing surfacefofthe. slidemember10 on the lower plug 15must bezreduce-d'as much as possible so as-.Pto avoirdf; stickingthrough the effect-of" suctfifomg,forthis-.reason or purpose, the slidemember rests on feet 24 of reduced surface. y Y

In abnormal operation, the slide member 10 can abut in'one or otherdirection at the end of its travel against the plug 15 on the one handand against the upper bore of the body 1 on the other hand; the burringof its edges might cause it to j amb in one or other of its extremepositions. For this purpose a disengager has been provided on the upperedge 25 of the slide member l0 and the lower angles 26 of the feet 24have been chamfered.

The invention is not to be limited to the constructional form which hasbeen described suppressing condensations but covers any modifications indetails to meet a particular case. In particular, it is obvious that thenumber, position, depth, width, the shape itself of the peripheralgroove or grooves for the stabilization of the leakages as also thelongitudinal slot, can vary acof machining said member with sufficient.v

play..

2. In a multiple jet carburetor, a slide valve having a groove on itsperiphery near itsy lower part and a channel to communicate with saidgroove and with the atmosphere through a hole in the body of thecarburetor, and means to guide said valve.

3; In a multiple jet carburetor, a slide valve having a peripheralgroove and a channel to establish communication of said groove'with theouterV air, to keep constant the leakages due to wear, said valve havingopenings and channels admitting air into the carburetor Y and means toguide and turn the iiuid streams and to form a screen between thechannels.

4. In a multiple jet carburetor, a body, a slide valve therein, a screenwithin the said valve to guide separately the air jets and to ensuretheir mixture above the slide only, said body having an inner wallspaced from the outer wall and forming an independent lining whichserves as a guide for the valve,

which by reason of its being spaced from the i outer Wallis hot liableto deformation and hence also'serves to prevent deformation of thevalve, a reduced bearing surface for the s1de,.t0 prevent tsstickng bysuction, and a ealbratedopening in the bottom of the body of thecarburetor. f

In Witness whereof I ax my signature.

GEORGES BARIQUAND.

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